See 50 Federal Register 13456 (April 4, 1985). It may be necessary to contain and dispose of ferrous sulfate as a HAZARDOUS WASTE. For this reason, contact your state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP or your regional office of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for specific recommendations. (4) Wear PPE appropriate for handling the material. It's not recommended to use zinc compounds obtained from technical sources as zinc supplements for soil or livestock, as it may contain traces of heavy metals, such as cadmium. Efflorescent in air. Chromic acid and it's derivatives can also be used to destroy hazardous chemical compounds, as it neutralizes them to carbon dioxide and water. However, because only small amounts of compound gets neutralized at a time, this process takes a while. Aqueous solutions are acidic. WebSaline solution. Green precipitate of copper carbonate forms. NaOH; Strong dilution; Oxidation with Fenton's reagent, Generates carbon oxides, water vapor, soot, sulfur oxides and HCl fumes, Incineration; Sodium pyrosulfite; L-cysteine, Generates carbon oxides and water vapors; some will evaporate when heated, Dilution in a more flammable solvent, followed by incineration; Oxidation with Fenton's reagent, Gives off carbon monoxide, dioxide, ammonia, acetonitrile, hydrogen cyanide, Addition to water followed by heating, yielding acetic acid and ammonium chloride, Anhydrous conditions yields ammonium chloride and acetonitrile; In presence of water acetic acid and ammonium chloride are formed, Flammable (high concentrations), no dangerous combustion products, Safe, biodegradable; avoid dumping large amounts, acidifies soil, Flammable, no dangerous combustion products, Biodegradable; avoid dumping large amounts, acidifies soil, Oxidation/incineration, reducing, photolysis, Biodegradable, though not advised for large amounts, Fenton's reagent; Aqueous solution of excess sodium hydroxide, All treatments give some hydrogen cyanide fumes, Toxic to all life due to its cyanide/nitrile group; does not quickly break down in environment, Mixed with a more flammable solvent and incinerated, Generates smoke, carbon dioxide and water vapors, Relative safe, biodegradable; Occurs naturally in small amounts, Burn products include hydrogen chloride which is corrosive, Extremely toxic and corrosive to organisms and environment, Gives off carbon dioxide and water vapors, Addition of a base, which causes polymerization, Burns in the presence of oxygen releasing carbon oxides, water, and various other organic products, Burning, dumping in ground; Desorption by heating it to high temperature and reuse, Unless it adsorbed dangerous volatile compounds or heavy metals, it can be used as a fertilizer (powdered form); Less effective as beads or pellets, Safe, biodegradable; nourishment for many organisms, Diluted with a flammable solvent, like ethanol or acetone and burned; Epoxidation and hydrolysis to glycerol, Loses magnetism when heated and melts at high temperatures, Nickel and cobalt are harmful for the environment, Generates smoke, carbon dioxide and water vapor, Treatment with water, precipitation with a base, No effect; Water solutions however will give off hydrogen chloride vapors, Treatment with water, precipitation with a base; recycling of iodine, No effect; Water solutions however will give off hydrogen iodide and iodine vapors, Incineration outside; Treatment with water, recovery of isopropanol and aluminium oxide/hydroxide or incineration of isopropanol, Melts and decomposes to give various ketones and isopropanol which may ignite; leaves behind alumina residue, Increases level of aluminium from soil, corrosive and harmful to organisms, Pyrolysis; Aqueous ammonia or alkaline hydroxide solution, Not always required, can be dumped in trash, Increases level of aluminium in soil, toxic to animals in large quantities, Burns in air, releasing fumes of phosphorus pentoxide and aluminium oxide, as well as traces of phosphine if any moisture is present, Releases phosphine gas on contact with water, which is deadly to organisms, Releases sulfur oxides at high temperature, Dilute it first; neutralization with a base first is recommended, Increases the aluminium concentration in soil and water, lowers pH, Releases hydrogen sulfide on contact with water, which is toxic to organisms, Burns, may detonate in the presence of metallic impurities, like copper, brass, While ammonium nitrate is a good nitrogen source for plants, TNT is very harmful for wildlife, Not required, can be discarded in any way, Pyrolysis gives nitrogen and carbon oxides, Not required, can be dumped in ground; Pyrolysis done outside, Pyrolysis gives nitrogen, water and carbon/nitrogen oxides, Little is known about its environmental impact, Not required, can be dumped in ground; Careful and controlled pyrolysis, Pyrolysis gives nitrogen, water and carbon/nitrogen oxides; may explode at high temperatures, Safe, nitrogen source for plants; Guanidine derivates occur in guano, Burns, may detonate in the presence of metallic impurities, like copper, While ammonium nitrate is a good nitrogen source for plants, the aluminium, TNT and other impurities present are harmful for wildlife, At high concentrations may generate nitrogen oxides, Not possible (gaseous), safe to pour (as solution), Not possible (gaseous), safe to pour (as solution); Good nitrogen source for plants, Slowly volatilizes and explodes at 400 C releasing nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia gasses, Decomposes on heating releasing carbon dioxide, ammonia fumes and water vapors, Neutralize it with ammonia; can then poured down the drain, Decomposes to release sulfur oxides and ammonia, Yes, though recommended to neutralize first, Acidic, but once neutralized good nitrogen and sulfur source for plants, While it can be diluted and poured down the drain, it's recommended to neutralize it first; hydrogen peroxide and ammonia can be used to safely neutralize it, Decomposes to release sulfur dioxide and ammonia, Oxidation of aqueous ammonium bisulfite to bisulfate can reduce the amount of dissolved oxygen from water bodies and will lower water pH, Decomposes on heating releasing nitrogen, water, oxygen and hydrogen chloride, sometimes explosively, Decomposes on heating releasing ammonia and hydrogen chloride, Safe, good fertilizer (nitrogen source); May prove unsuitable to chloride sensitive plants, Reducing with a reducing agent, such as sodium metabisulfite, sulfite, bisulfite, ascorbic acid, at acidic pH, Decomposes, the famous volcano reaction, releasing nitrogen gas, water vapors, fine particulates of unburnt ammonium chromate, leaving behind Cr(III) oxide, Cr(VI) ions are carcinogenic and very toxic to organisms, Reducing with a reducing agent, such as sodium metabisulfite, sulfite, bisulfite, ascorbic acid at acidic pH, Decomposes, the famous volcano reaction, releasing nitrogen gas, water vapors, fine particulates of unburnt ammonium dichromate, leaving behind Cr(III) oxide, Not required; Slaked lime can be used to precipitate calcium phosphate, Safe, good fertilizer (nitrogen and phosphorus source), Decomposes on heating to release nitrogen, water and oxygen; may explode if heated too high, While it may be a good fertilizer, its environmental effects are unknown, Decomposes in several steps, releasing ammonia, water, cyanogen, ferric oxide, in air, Low toxicity, environmental effects unknown, Alkali hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate; heating in the presence of a base, Decomposes on heating to release ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and water, Alkali hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate; Dilution, poured down the drain, Decomposes on heating to release ammonia, water, leaving behind MoO, Diluted cooled hydrogen peroxide solution, Harmful to organisms, especially aquatic ones, Safe, good fertilizer (nitrogen, iron and sulfur source); May cause algal bloom in water bodies however, Safe, good fertilizer (nitrogen source); May cause algal bloom in water bodies however, Alkali hydroxides; strong dilution followed by heating; will slowly decompose even at room temperature, so you may leave it in a safe area and let it decompose, Decomposes or detonates, releasing nitrogen and water vapors, Decomposes quickly in environment, especially at low pH, Alkali hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate; pyrolysis in the presence of a base, Decomposes on heating to release ammonia, carbon monoxide, oximide, hydrogen cyanide and water vapors, May pose a threat to wildlife in large amounts; Occurs naturally in guano, Reduction with metallic iron under UV light in the absence of air; Heating perchlorate at 200 C with metallic iron for several hours, Decomposes to release nitrogen, water vapors, oxygen and hydrogen chloride, Dissolution in water, followed by reduction with sulfur dioxide or sodium sulfite, thiosulfate or metabisulfite, Detonates above 60-110 C, releasing nitrogen, water vapors and a smoke of manganese dioxide, Strong oxidizer and explosive, hazardous for wildlife, Pyrolysis, hydrolysis, various reducing agents, Decomposes at 120 C releasing sulfur and nitrogen oxides, oxygen and ammonia, Not required; Strong dilution is sufficient, Decomposes on heating to release ammonia, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid vapors, Considered to be environmentally friendly due to its degradation to non-harmful residues, Not required; Calcium hydroxide can be used to precipitate calcium sulfate, Safe, good fertilizer (nitrogen and sulfur source); slightly lowers the soil pH, Decomposes releasing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, Extremely toxic for wildlife; Dangerous for the environment (DSD), Not required, simply pour down the drain; Bleach or hydrogen peroxide can be used if desired, Oxidation of aqueous ammonium sulfite to sulfate can reduce the amount of dissolved oxygen from water bodies; otherwise, safe, used as fertilizer, Precipitation with sodium hydroxide to less sodium fluorides, Emits very toxic fumes of hydrogen fluoride, nitrogen oxides and ammonia, Dilute then pour down the drain; Bleach or hydrogen peroxide can be used if desired, Decomposes to release sulfur dioxide, ammonia, water vapors, May be harmful for aquatic life; safe, used as fertilizer, While ammonium nitrate is a good nitrogen source for plants, the fuel oil (FO) from its composition is harmful for wildlife, Gives off carbon oxides, soot, nitrogen and or nitrogen oxides and water vapor, Dilution with a solvent, followed by incineration; Oxidation with an oxidizing solution, like Fenton's reagent, Gives off carbon oxides, soot and water vapor, While ammonium nitrate is a good nitrogen source for plants, nitromethane and methanol may be harmful for wildlife, Sublimes and decomposes, releasing carbon oxides, water vapors, soot, anilline, Mixed with a more flammable solvent and safely incinerated; Controlled oxidation with Fenton's reagent. It is a good idea to take these to a proper waste disposal facility. Zinc compounds can be refined to zinc metal using electrowinning. Incineration is attractive as it's a good method of getting rid of wastes, but unless you're using an incinerator, some material will not be destroyed and instead it will be scattered in air. If you live in a suburban house, you have both. Bleach can be used to neutralize the compound, May pose a threat to wildlife in large amounts due to its sodium content, Decomposes on heating to release carbon monoxide, May pose a threat to wildlife in large amounts since it's a sodium salt; Occurs naturally as mineral, Slow addition to diluted solution of phosphoric acid, A reducing agent like sodium thiosulfate or sulfite; Generally not required though, Decomposes to release water vapors and oxygen, leaving behind sodium borate, Hydrogen peroxide in harmful for organisms; High levels of sodium and boron are toxic for plants, Any acid; Iron(III) oxide or manganese dioxide can also be added for complete neutralization; Generally not required though, Decomposes to release water vapors and oxygen, leaving behind sodium carbonate, Hydrogen peroxide in harmful for organisms; High levels of sodium are toxic for plants, Burns in a mixture with flammable materials, Decomposes to manganese dioxide and sodium oxide/hydroxide at high temperatures, Hydrolyzes in water to sulfuric acid; addition of a base to neutralize the acid, Oxidizer, harmful; excess sodium harmful for plants, Only in places without plant or animal life (construction sites, quarries, etc. They react as acids to neutralize bases. Always check the local laws before choosing the disposal method. WebSoak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep the copper carbonate for other experiments or bin it as it is basically inert. In the interest of keeping lab costs low, though, it may be a good idea to look into ways to recycle and recover chemicals such as solvents, which can be reclaimed by distillation. Neutralization with any acid, carbon dioxide; recycling; Not useful; highly corrosive when hot to glass, most common metals, Dangerous to wildlife in short term (highly corrosive); Caesium ions have similar toxicity to those of sodium and potassium, Not required; Can be dumped almost anywhere, Sublimes; Oxidation Generates carbon oxides, water vapors, soot, Toxic to small animals, addictive to large organisms; biodegradable; occurs naturally, Decomposes to calcium carbonate and acetone at high temperature, which burns in an oxygen-rich atmosphere, Not useful; breaks down into calcium carbonate and carbon dioxide as the solution is heated, Lots of water in an open space; low chain alcohols, Dangerous to wildlife in short term (reacts with water); may also release phosphine gas if carbide sample is impure, Not useful; breaks down into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide at high temperatures, Not useful; May release some HCl fumes if wet, Chloride ions may be harmful to certain plants, Neutralization with a reducing agent, such as ascorbic acid sodium metabisulfite, sulfite, bisulfite at acidic pH, Cr(VI) ions are powerful carcinogens and very toxic to organisms, Not useful; Sublimes at very high temperatures, Slowly hydrolyzes to urea, which is a good plant fertilizer, Will result in calcium carbonate and give off carbon dioxide and water vapors at high temperatures, Neutralization with a concentrated alkali or carbonate solution, alcohols, long chain alcohols are preferred; water vapor can also be used; best performed in an open area, Decomposes to release hydrogen at very high temperatures, Will dehydrate to calcium oxide at high temperatures, Sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, Disproportionates into chlorate and chloride; will release chlorine and chlorine dioxide fumes, Not required; soluble carbonate or sulfate solution can be used if necessary, Good source of nitrogen for plants (fertilizer); May cause algal bloom in water bodies, Plenty of cold water, carbon dioxide, sodium/potassium bicarbonate, Mixing it with a combustible material, like sugar and incineration, Will decompose at high temperatures to release oxygen, Not required; can be poured down the drain or dumped in trash, Will decompose at high temperatures to release various ketones, carbon oxides, water vapors, Large quantities are harmful to water bodies and small animals, Not required; soluble carbonate solution can be used if gypsum is not desired as waste product, Becomes anhydrous at high temperatures (drierite); decomposes to calcium oxide at very high temperatures, Anhydrous or hemihydrate form may burn grass on contact, Not required at low concentrations; high concentrations may require an oxidizer, like bleach, Generates irritant smoke, carbon dioxide, soot and water vapor, Harmful for mammals at high concentrations, otherwise relative safe, biodegradable; Occurs naturally, Not possible (gaseous form), safe to pour (water solution), Incineration, followed by scrubbing of sulfur dioxide (optional), Burns in presence of oxygen, releasing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, Oxidation with ozone; adsorbtion on activated charcoal; absorbtion in a solution of cuprous chloride in hydrochloric acid or cuprous chloride in ammonia, Not useful; burns in the presence of oxygen and hydrogen, Sodium hydroxide excess; oxidation with Fenton's reagent, Results in phosgene in the presence of air, Extremely toxic to wildlife, sinks at the bottom of water bodies, Toxic to aquatic life in large quantities, Burns in air; decomposes to release carbon oxides, water vapors, Yes, but avoid water bodies; bury it in ground instead, Safe, biodegradable; avoid dumping large amounts, as it poses choking hazard to most animals, Unnecessary, simply dump in trash; recycle, Unless it adsorbed dangerous volatile compounds or heavy metals, it can be used as a fertilizer, Oxidation with hydrogen peroxide to sulfate, followed by precipitation or reduction of copper ions to metal or hydroxide/oxide, Gives off water vapors when heated and sulfur oxides at very high temperatures, Little is known about its environmental effect; it is used as a fungicide and molluscicide, Reducing with sodium sulfite, metabisulfite, bisulfite, Breaks down to perchloric acid and chlorine oxides, Strong oxidizing, toxic and corrosive to all wildlife and everything organic, Reduction with metabisulfite, sulfite or bisulfite, Neutralization with excess sodium hydroxide to sodium glycolate products, Decomposes high temperatures, releasing toxic fumes, Toxic and corrosive to most wildlife, used as herbicide, Neutralization with a cooled solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide, Evaporates and burns at high temperatures, releasing extremely toxic and lachrymator fumes, Reduction with a reducing agent, such as ascorbic acid, metabisulfite, sulfur dioxide, Gives off hydrogen chloride gases and leaves gold powder behind, Dangerous to wildlife; Best to try to recycle it, Neutralization with Fenton's reagent; biodegradation with the bacterium Rhodococcus phenolicus, Gives off hydrogen chloride fumes during burning/pyrolysis, as well as various POCs and soot, Toxic to wildlife; chlorobenzene can persist in soil for several months, in air for about 3.5 days, and in water for less than one day, Reducing with alkali hydroxide or magnesium, followed by incineration, Gives off hydrogen chloride fumes during burning/pyrolysis, Boils to form vapor, should not be attempted indoors, May cause ozone depletion, dangerous to aquatic life, Release outside in atmosphere; Photolysis; Destruction with aqueous sodium hydroxide, oxidation with, May cause ozone depletion, dangerous to land and aquatic life, Reduction to platinum metal, followed by recovery of the precious metal, Breaks down to platinum(II) chloride, then platinum metal, Decomposes to perchloric acid, hydrogen chloride, chlorine dioxide, oxygen, Reducing with a reducing agent, such as sodium metabisulfite, sulfite, bisulfite, ascorbic acid, Precipitation with a base; can be dumped in the trash, taken to a waste disposal facility or recycled, Melts and decomposes at high temperatures, At temperatures ~1000 C it will become inert against the action of most reagents, Low reactivity, low danger for environment, Precipitation with a soluble hydroxide, followed by calcination to chromium(III) oxide, Due to its instability, it poses low danger to environment, Dissolving it in water and reducing with a reducing agent, such as sodium metabisulfite, sulfite, bisulfite, ascorbic acid at acidic pH, A supersaturated solution of a reducing agent, such as sodium sulfite, metabisulfite or thiosulfate at acidic pH, Not useful, boils off and fumes in contact with air moisture, Corrosive and deadly to all wildlife; Lowers soil pH; Corrosive to rocks, soil; Carcinogenic, Any base, carbonate, bicarbonate, alkaline-earth oxide, In wet environment it acts as fungi growth environment, Dumped in trash, incineration, taken to waste disposal centers, Gives off carbon dioxide and water vapors, leaving ash behind, May give off hydrogen chloride fumes in the presence of water, Toxic to wildlife; classified as "Substance of very high concern" in the EU, Any soluble hydroxide, carbonate; Taken to disposal centers, Gives off sulfur oxides fumes and sulfuric acid vapors, leaving behind cobalt oxide residue, Cobalt is necessary for vitamin B12 production, Not always required; can be dumped in trash, Recover copper via reduction; Discard in trash, Decomposes to copper oxide and releases various gasses, High levels of copper are dangerous to wildlife, Reduction with a iron or zinc to metallic copper, Gives off HCl fumes and leaves behind CuO slag, May hydrolyze in the presence of water and air to give off hydrogen chloride fumes, Oxidizes to copper(II) chloride in the presence of air, which is toxic and corrosive in water, Dissolving it in an acid, followed by reduction to metallic copper, Reduction with iron or zinc to metallic copper, which is recycled, Gives off carbon oxides, water, acetic acid and acetone vapors, Unknown effects in the environment; presence of copper ions however is generally considered harmful, Pyrolysis, incineration, oxidation with Fenton's reagent, Gives off carbon oxides and water vapors, as well as soot and VOCs, Not required; can be neutralized with an acid and reduced to metallic copper, Will give off carbon dioxide fumes and leave CuO residues, Copper ions are considered harmful to the environment, Precipitate as carbonate or reduce to copper metal using aluminium, iron or zinc, Loses water and hydrogen chloride, turns brown, Yes, but far from any agricultural plants, Copper ions are considered harmful to most wildlife, Any alkali or ammonium hydroxide, carbonate, Gives off nitrogen oxide and nitric acid fumes, leaving copper oxides/hydroxides slag, Copper ions may be harmful to wildlife; the nitrate group is a nitrogen source for plants, May decompose to copper oxide and phosphorus oxides at high temperatures, or elemental phosphorus in the presence of a reducing agent, Due to low solubility, it has lower toxicity than other copper compounds, Reduction with aluminium, iron or zinc to metallic copper, Loses water when heated, releases sulfur trioxide at high temperatures, leaving behind CuO, Releases carbon oxides and water vapors, as well as soot, Incineration outside; oxidation with an oxidizing solution, Flammable, burns in the presence of oxygen to release carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas, Not required; Any base, carbonate, bicarbonate, alkaline-earth oxide can be used if desired, Oxidation with Fenton's reagent or piranha solution, Considered to be harmful, but little is known about its toxicity, Dilution with a flammable solvent and incineration; oxidation with Fenton's reagent, Flammable, burns in the presence of oxygen to release carbon oxides, water vapors, soot and VOCs, Dilution with a flammable solvent and incineration, Low toxicity to organisms, but may be harmful to wildlife, Ignites at high temperatures and generates carbon oxides, water vapors, carbon monoxide, soot, VOCs, Incineration; Oxidation with Fenton's reagent, Ignites in air, gives off carbon dioxide and water vapors, soot, Dissolved in acid, followed by recovery of copper and zinc, Decomposes to release carbon oxides, water vapors, Toxic to small animals, otherwise relative safe, Burned outside or in an incinerator; hydrolysis in water, Careful dissolving in cold water/crushed ice, followed by neutralization with base; Reduction with metabisulfite, sulfite or bisulfite, Neutralization and dehalogenation with excess sodium hydroxide; Reduction with metallic powders to acetic acid, Destruction with aqueous sodium hydroxide, iron can also be used; Oxidation with, Boils to form vapor; pyrolysis at high temperatures yielding chlorine, hydrochloric acid and carbon monoxide, Extremely flammable, burns to release carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas and lots of heat, Yields carbon oxides, water vapor at high temperatures, Toxic to organisms, dangerous to aquatic and soil life, Incineration (no peroxides); Adding excess ferrous sulfate, sodium bisulfite or metabisulfite to neutralize the peroxides, followed by incineration; If the bottle has peroxides on the cap, do not open it, instead safely detonate it in a remote or special area, Extremely flammable, burns to release carbon dioxide and water vapors, Neutralization with base, bacterial degradation, decarboxylation, taken to waste disposal centers, Decomposes, releases combustion gasses, HF, methylene fluoride, Displays moderate toxicity to most organisms, Incineration (no peroxides); Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis with sulfuric acid; If peroxides are present, addition of excess ferrous sulfate, sodium bisulfite or metabisulfite to neutralize the peroxides, followed by incineration; If the bottle has peroxides on the cap, do not open it, instead safely detonate it in a remote or special area, Incineration; can be released in open air, Addition in large amounts of water or crushed ice, followed by addition of aq.
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